Marine in Wilhelmshaven: 3D printing revolutionizes spare parts supply!

Marine in Wilhelmshaven: 3D printing revolutionizes spare parts supply!

In Wilhelmshaven, 3D printing is used to increase the operational readiness of the navy. This innovative process makes it possible to produce spare parts quickly and flexibly directly on board. For example, parts can be produced and installed independently using a 3D printer during operations on the high seas, without having to rely on complex procurement processes. An impressive example of this is the fan wheel of a fire pump, which was replaced during the frigate Bayern's Indo-Pacific deployment. The spare part was digitally designed, 3D printed and tested in Wilhelmshaven, impressively demonstrating the possibilities of 3D printing in the navy.

The Bundeswehr opened its first 3D printing center in Erding in 2017 and has since been pursuing its own strategy for the use of this technology. In contrast to the Army and Air Force, the Navy relies on the integration of 3D printers as a tool on board. Since the beginning of 2023, the marine technology school in Parow has been offering training for 3D printing users in order to pool expertise in the field of additive manufacturing.

Individual Navy needs

Marine 3D printing works by depositing liquefied plastic in layers, using a variety of materials including ABS and TPU. Several units are currently equipped with 3D printers that can produce compact parts up to 35x35x35 cm in size. The aim is to expand and optimize the Bundeswehr's logistical chain. Original spare parts often have long procurement times or even a lack of availability - this is where 3D printing comes in handy.

Another aspect that affects this technology is the different user groups within the Bundeswehr. While the WiWeB's specialist staff uses the 3D printing center as a "Center of Excellence" for additive manufacturing, offices abroad are also equipped with their own 3D printing systems. Soldiers without their own systems can apply for components via a new platform and thus gain experience.

Criticism of the implementation

Despite these promising approaches, the Federal Audit Office sees light and shadow with regard to 3D printing in the Bundeswehr. He criticizes the inadequate strategic integration of the industry as well as the lack of construction plans and manufacturing rights. 3.4 million euros have already been invested in 33 printers, but they are hardly used. An additional 15 million euros should flow by 2028. However, for over three million spare parts, there are currently only ten print data available, which severely limits the effectiveness of 3D printing.

The Bundeswehr itself defends the investments and sees 3D printing as a complex technology that should be tested in a pilot phase by 2030. The Navy is already seeing initial success in the production of plastic parts. However, according to the Federal Audit Office, there is still a lot of catching up to do, particularly in the integration of this technology into procurement contracts.

In summary, 3D printing in the Navy has the potential to improve fleet readiness. However, it remains to be seen whether this path can be made sustainable and efficient. The developments in this area will certainly be exciting to follow.